Just some conclusions I drew by comparing the four "specs" referenced in the definition section.
Remember that any such list will never be exhaustive. For example, a footnote can be a biblioentry, even though this cannot be inferred from the definition.
home << top] - top can be home
first << top] - top can be first
top || begin] - top may be interchanged with begin
start ~ first ~ begin] - start, first, and begin are similar
top << origin] - origin can be top
up ~~ parent] - parent implies up; up implies parent
prev = previous] - prev is equivalent to previous
toc = contents] - toc is equivalent to contents
navigator << toc/contents] - toc/contents can be navigator
help << navigator] - navigator can be help
index << search] - search can be index
citation << biblioentry] - biblioentry can be citation
made ~ author] made is similar to author
No transformations of link type names should be made by the user agent (unless it is an abbreviation). Two different words carry two different connotations, though they may have the same essential meaning. While they may be grouped under the same menu/button, literally equivalent names should not be substituted for each other; the exact word choice belongs to the author.